In 2012 all pedagogical world celebrates the 420th anniversary of the birth of Jan Amos Komensky (Comenius). Wishing to join said celebrations we publish a splendid, and still up-to-date text written by Jean Piaget – an outstanding psychologist and expert of child psychology and processes of child development. It comes from publication Prospects (UNESCO, International Office of Education), vol. XXIII, No. 1/2, 1993. In 1992 as now the countless conferences, meetings and seminars were held throughout the world, and many publications devoted to Komensky (J.A. Comenius) were published. From the point of view of this essay it appeared proper to go back to the study written in this context in 1957 by Jean Piaget, the then director of the International Office of education. This unjustly forgotten paper was attached as an Introduction to volume Selections published by UNESCO just that year (to be never published again) to commemorate the three hundredth anniversary of the publication of Opera Didactica Omnia (1657–1957). Today we decide to draw out this text from the depths of oblivion in a hope that it wins recognition in the eyes of the Readers.