PRACA ORYGINALNA
Wykształcenie ekonomiczne jako predyktor decyzji utylitarnych. Kontekst dylematów moralnych
 
 
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw
 
 
Data nadesłania: 20-01-2025
 
 
Data ostatniej rewizji: 14-10-2025
 
 
Data akceptacji: 18-10-2025
 
 
Data publikacji: 31-10-2025
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Dariusz Karaś   

Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw
 
 
JoMS 2025;63(3):639-657
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Cel pracy:
Jedną z ciekawszych kwestii w poznawczym podejściu do ekonomii jest to, jak ludzie dokonują wyborów moralnych w sytuacjach profesjonalnych. Postawiono pytanie, czy dokonywane wybory moralne są determinowane przez efekty kształcenia uzyskane na studiach. Celem niniejszego badania było przyczynienie się do zrozumienia źródeł racjonalnego aspektu utylitarystycznych działań w ujęciu zawodowym i roli nakierowanej edukacji w tym procesie.

Materiał i metody:
Behawioralne analizy decyzji moralnych opierają się na tzw. dylemacie wagonika, w którym osoby badane stawiane są w hipotetycznej sytuacji, gdzie kosztem życia jednej osoby mogą uratować więcej ludzi. Koncepcja utylitarna zakłada, że to, co jest moralne albo niemoralne zależy od wielkości konsekwencji podjętej decyzji. W przeprowadzonym badaniu eksperymentalnym, wychodząc z założenia, że od menedżera wymaga się myślenia opartego o analizę zysków i strat, a w efekcie podejmowania decyzji w odniesieniu do wyniku, co wpisuje się ideę utylitaryzmu, sprawdzono, czy edukacja ekonomiczna generuje efekt w postaci wyższej inklinacji do podejmowania decyzji utylitarnych w klasycznym dylemacie oraz w relacjach zawodowych w przedsiębiorstwie.

Wyniki:
Wyniki eksperymentu wskazują, że studia ekonomiczne ukierunkowują na rozumowanie utylitarne, zarówno w dylemacie klasycznym, jak i sytuacjach profesjonalnych. Jednocześnie wykryto, że w sytuacji decydowania o zatrudnieniu kobiety wykazują silniejszą inklinację do wyborów utylitarnych.

Wnioski:
Potwierdzono, że osoby uzyskujące wykształcenie ekonomiczne wykazują wyższe inklinacje do decyzji utylitarnych w obu zastosowanych wariantach dylematu wagonika, co rozwija dotychczasowe badania wskazujące, że ekonomiczny sposób myślenia generuje silniejsze inklinacje utylitarystyczne.
Licencja
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