Objectives:
The objective of this article was to analyze and elucidate the adaptive mechanisms of women incarcerated in correctional facilities in Poland, with particular emphasis on their subjective emotional experiences, coping strategies, and the impact of specialized interventions on their mental and physical health.

Material and methods:
The research was conducted using the diagnostic survey method, serving as a pilot study aimed at introducing the phenomenon into a broader scope of scientific analysis. Structured questionnaires were administered to 70 women from a correctional institution (penitentiary) .

Results:
The findings indicate that the majority of the incarcerated population consists of women aged 20 to 30 years, with 75.8% originating from urban areas. Approximately 34.29% of the women frequently grapple with emotional stress, while 47.14% report experiencing intense emotional reactions. The significance of adaptive mechanisms in the process of adjustment to prison conditions is highlighted. Women often contend with feelings of shame and guilt, with 89.29% regularly attributing their situation to personal fault. Physical and mental health issues are also common.

Conclusions:
The information obtained from the study underscores the necessity for the development of holistic psychological and health support programs aimed at enhancing the emotional and physical quality of life for women in prisons. There is also a pronounced need for improved access to therapeutic and specialized interventions, alongside the adaptation of support strategies to meet the specific needs of incarcerated individuals, while considering the importance of maintaining contact with loved ones and mitigating stigmatization.