Security strategies of the European Union in the face of mass migration
 
 
More details
Hide details
1
War Studies University
 
 
Submission date: 2023-03-31
 
 
Final revision date: 2023-10-04
 
 
Acceptance date: 2023-10-05
 
 
Publication date: 2023-10-31
 
 
Corresponding author
Patrycja Lipold   

War Studies University
 
 
JoMS 2023;52(3):534-562
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Objectives:
This article examines how the EU is responding to the massive, irregular influx of migrants into Europe. Its purpose is to indicate normative and institutional actions that are taken to prevent the phenomenon of illegal migration and to define the model of the EU response that is adopted in the event of its occurrence. The work also attempts to clarify whether there is an EU security strategy that would comprehensively regulate these issues. Documents that deal with illegal migration to Europe and are related to ensuring the security of organizations were analyzed. The article also explains EU initiatives aimed at finding practical solutions in the event of a mass influx of migrants.

Material and methods:
In this work, research inquiries were based on an analytical and empirical model. Mainly qualitative methods were used: case studies and exploration of primary and secondary documents, as well as a synthetic method.

Results:
The results indicate that the EU does not have a security strategy in the event of mass illegal migration to Europe. This issue is addressed in several EU documents, in which it is not, however, the main, leading topic. This reflects the lack of consensus among Member States on a common migration policy.

Conclusions:
The final conclusions indicate that globalism has created new security challenges that will increase as migration to the EU increases, which may make the creation of a common strategy a priority necessity.

 
REFERENCES (26)
1.
Brzozowski, A. (2021). Twelve member states ask Commission to finance ‘physical barriers’ as border protection measures. Euractiv 8.10.2022. Dostęp: 13.02.2023 z https://www.euractiv.com/secti....
 
2.
Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge. (2022). Das Bundesamt in Zahlen 2022. Dostęp: 04.09.2023 z https://www.bamf.de/SharedDocs....
 
3.
Castles, S. (2010). Understanding global migration: A social transformation perspective, 36(10), 1565–1586. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. Dostęp: 13.01.2022 z https://www.tandfonline.com/do....
 
4.
Ciger, M.I. (2022). Reasons for the Activation of the Temporary Protection Directive in 2022: A Tale of Double Standards. ASILE. 6.10.2022. Dostęp: 4.01.2022 z https://www.asileproject.eu/re....
 
5.
Duvell, F. (2011). Paths into Irregularity: The Legal and Political Construction of Unregular Migration, 13 (3): 275 – 295. European Journal of Migration and Law.
 
6.
Estevens, J. (2023). Migration crisis in the EU: developing a framework for analysis of national security and defence strategies. CMS 6, 28. Dostęp: 20.01.2023 z https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878....
 
7.
Europol. (2021). European Migrant Smuggling Centre – 5th Annual Report. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxemburg, s.12.
 
8.
Gryshova,I., Kofman, B., Petrenko, O. (2019). Migration cultures and their outcomes for national security. w Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues, Volume 8 Number 3. Dostęp: 14.01.2023 z http://doi.org/10.9770/jssi.20...).
 
9.
Johansen, A.I. (2020). The European Union’s Joint Operation Triton and EUNAVFOR MED Operation Sophia: Strategic Responses to the Migration Crisis? Roskilde Universitet.
 
10.
Kleista, O. (2022). Wer darf kommen? Dass die EU Flüchtende aus der Ukraine unbürokratisch aufnimmt, ist wichtig. Die schleichende Politisierung des Flüchtlingsschutzes ist jedoch riskant. IPG-Journal. Dostęp: 15.02.2023 z https://www.ipg-journal.de/rub....
 
11.
Komisja Europejska. (2015). The European Agenda on Security. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. COM(2015) 185 final. Dostęp: 15.01.2023 z https://ec.europa.eu/anti-traf....
 
12.
Komisja Europejska. (2016). Stronger and Smarter Information Systems for Borders and Security. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council. COM(2016) 205 final. Dostęp: 20.01.2023 z http://www.eulisa.europa.eu/Ne....
 
13.
Komisja Europejska. (2020). New Pact on Migration and Asylum. Dostęp: 15.01.2023 z https://commission.europa.eu/s....
 
14.
Komisja Europejska. (2021). A renewed EU action plan against migrant smuggling (2021-2025). Brussels. 29.9.2021. COM (2021) 591 final, s.2. Dostęp: 14.01.2023 z https://home-affairs.ec.europa....
 
15.
Koser, K. (2011). When is Migration a Security Issue? Brookings, 31.03.2011. Dostęp: 15.01.2023 z https://www.brookings.edu/opin....
 
16.
Krajowy Plan Zarządzania Kryzysowego. (2021/2022). Rządowe Centrum Bezpieczeństwa. Dostęp: 8.02.2023 z https://www.gov.pl/web/rcb/kra....
 
17.
Lemańczyk, B. (2021). Putin i Erdogan wspierają plan wysyłania migrantów z Białorusi. PAP 8.11.2021. Dostęp: 10.02.2023 z https://www.pap.pl/aktualnosci....
 
18.
Lipold, P. (2021). Próby unormowania nieregularnej migracji do Europy przez Unię Europejską. w J. Kozłowska, K. Maciąg (red.), Wyzwania i problemy społeczeństwa w XXI wieku. Tom 3, s. 110-125. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Tygiel.
 
19.
Lipold, P. (2023). Zarządzanie kryzysowe w Unii Europejskiej podczas fali nielegalnej migracji w 2015 roku. w M. Falkowski, J. Pająk (red.), Wsparcie działań w operacjach wojskowych i reagowania kryzysowego. Część 3, s. 135-148. Wydawnictwo Akademii Wojsk Lądowych.
 
20.
Neslen, A. (2014). Italian navy says it will continue refugee rescue mission despite plan to scrap it. The Guardian. 28.10.2014. Dostęp: 5.01.2023 z https://www.theguardian.com/wo....
 
21.
Rada Europejska, Rada UE. (2023). Strengthening the EU’s external borders. Dostęp: 7.01.2023 z https://www.consilium.europa.e....
 
22.
Raport o zagrożeniach bezpieczeństwa narodowego. (2021). Rządowe Centrum Bezpieczeństwa. Dostęp: 10.02.2023 z https://www.gov.pl/web/rcb/rap....
 
23.
Strategia Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. (2020). Dostęp: 8.02.2023 z https://www.bbn.gov.pl/ftp/dok....
 
24.
Wohlfeld, M. (2014). Is Migration a Security Issue? w O. Grech, M. Wohlfeld. Migration in the Mediterranean: human rights, security and development perspectives (s. 61-77). Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies. Dostęp: 10.01.2023 z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/....
 
25.
Vietti, F., Scribner, T. (2013). Human insecurity: Understanding international migration from a human security perspective 1(1), 17–31. Journal on Migration and Human Security. Dostęp: 20.01.2023 z https://journals.sagepub.com/d....
 
26.
Völkel, J.C. (2017). When Interior Ministers play diplomats. Fatal ambiguities in Europe’s securitised migration policy. w A. Jünemann, N. Fromm, N. Scherer (red.) Fortress Europe? Challenges and Failures of Migration and Asylum Policies, s.83. Wiesbaden: Springer.
 
eISSN:2391-789X
ISSN:1734-2031
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top