National brand is one of necessary elements of the country’s economy identification and the support of its competitiveness, especially in relation to countries that have undergone political transformation and should build a clear, modern image, conducive to improving the economic security of the state. The main thesis is the statement that the change of the roles of Polish companies in the supply chain – from sub-suppliers to entities receiving income from intellectual property – should be supported by creating and promoting a national brand, building the reputation of the state and the portfolio of commercial brands identified with Poland and recognized on the European and global markets. The article includes, in addition to the overall picture of the benefits resulting from having strong brands, a brief description of promotional activities of the CEE countries, which have been developed and implemented after the political transition period, as well as an attempt to assess measures undertaken in Poland, with reference to the portfolio of the most famous commercial brands that come from these countries. The main conclusion is that the advantages of the human capital and “creative tension” related to it dominate in the Polish national branding, while in the Polish economic policy after 1989, the competitive advantages through marketing and own innovations have been underestimated, which is slowly subject to positive changes.